Thank you for the question, Jason. There’s nothing wrong with making the same argument multiple times in an essay as long as you’re further refining, clarifying, explaining, or substantiating the argument. In other words, it’s entirely fine — and often necessary — to articulate the same argument several times precisely by developing different aspects of the argument each time. In contrast to this, what you should always avoid doing is straightforwardly repeating the same argument again and again without ever adding anything new of substance — that’s where redundancy occurs. I’ve written two highly detailed articles about the essential components of, and about ways for effectively constructing and defending, arguments here and here. I humbly suggest reading both of them (and doing so carefully/slowly as they’re both a bit abstract in places). I hope they prove useful. Cheers :)